32 / 148
32
Informaciones
Psiquiátricas
2018 - n.º
232
biomarcadores actuales y de futuro como
puedan ser los sanguíneos. El estudio de
relación entre los estadios propuestos por
Cejudo JC y la neuroimagen mediante PET
18 FDG aporta una nueva clasificación de
los estadios pre-amnésicos y amnésicos y ha
llevado también al planteamiento de nuevos
paradigmas en la exploración de la memoria
episódica que podrían dar un mejor alcance
pronóstico en el diagnóstico de la EA.
Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
prodrómica, marcadores cognitivos, diag-
nóstico precoz.
Abstract
The initial clinical manifestations of
Alzheimer's disease (AD) have a high level
of overlap with the cognitive characteristics
of normal aging. Initially there are usually
subjective complaints of memory not eviden-
ced in the neuropsychological tests and then
a period called mild cognitive deficit (MCI),
in which changes in neuropsychological per-
formance are detected but whose intensity
does not produce a significant impact on
normal activities or relationships interper-
sonal Currently the diagnosis of this disease
is attempted in the earliest possible stages,
for this new neuroimaging techniques and
metabolic parameters known as biomarkers
of Alzheimer's disease have been developed.
Of these, the PET image, both glucose and
amyloid specific and the determinations of
Tau and Beta Amiloid protein in the cerebros-
pinal fluid are shown as the most relevant,
a fact that has led them to be considered
in the international diagnostic criteria of
AD. At the same time we have tried to ob-
tain cognitive "markers" that help us with
early diagnosis, not without controversies
and contradictory data, but knowing how
the mnesic function deteriorates from nor-
mality to complete amnestic syndrome with
longitudinal descriptive studies has allowed
us to classify the deterioration of episodic
memory in different stages. This fact allows
having a more precise study variable, spe-
cifically these stages have been proposed
by Cejudo JC, 2016 and they are shown as
very descriptive categories of the complete
degenerative process, allowing the increase
of the diagnostic precision together with the
current and future biomarkers such as may be
the blood The study of the relationship bet-
ween the stages proposed by Cejudo JC and
neuroimaging using PET 18 FDG provides a
new classification of pre-amnesic and amnes-
tic stages and has also led to the proposal of
new paradigms in the exploration of episodic
memory that could give a better prognostic
scope in the diagnosis of AD.
Key words:
Prodromic Alzheimer's disease,
cognitive markers, early diagnosis.
Juan Carlos Cejudo